Cardiovascular diseases are disorders of the heart and the blood circulatory system. Some common disorders are hypertension, atherosclerosis, thrombosis, embolism, angina and heart attack (myocardial infarction). Major risk factors for cardiovascular diseases are high levels of blood cholesterol, family history, age, cigarette smoking obesity, diabetes mellitus and a sedentary lifestyle.
Some cardiovascular diseases begin early in life, practising a healthy lifestyle is an important preventive measure. A good balanced diet low in saturated fats and cholesterol and higher in unsaturated oils should be practised. The diet should have sufficient green leafy vegetables and fruit. Excessive intake of salt and smoking should be avoided. Regular exercise such as brisk walking, moderate jogging, cycling or swimming, together with maintaining an optimal body weight and a stress-free lifestyle, will help to reduce the risk of cardiovascular diseases.
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